When can police officers lawfully use deadly force?

Lawful use of deadly force by police officers is justified primarily when there is a substantial risk that the suspect poses an immediate threat of serious bodily harm or death to others or to the officers themselves. This principle is rooted in both legal precedents and the ethical guidelines governing the use of force. The justification for this approach lies in the necessity to protect lives and prevent imminent danger; thus, officers must assess the situation to determine if the use of deadly force is the only option available to prevent harm.

In contrast, apprehending a fleeing suspect does not inherently justify the use of deadly force unless there is a specific, immediate threat to life. Additionally, the criteria for the application of deadly force are broader than just during felonies; the key consideration is the threat level posed by the suspect, rather than the nature of the crime alone. Finally, a mere refusal to comply with officer orders does not create a sufficient justification for the use of deadly force, as non-compliance itself is not inherently life-threatening. By aligning the use of deadly force with the presence of a significant risk of harm, law enforcement practices aim to balance the protection of public safety with the upholding of constitutional rights.