What are the physical effects of OC exposure?

The correct answer highlights the physical effects associated with exposure to Oleoresin Capsicum (OC), commonly known as pepper spray. When an individual comes into contact with OC, it typically induces localized inflammation due to the irritant properties of the capsaicin component in the spray. This localized irritation can lead to symptoms such as redness, swelling, and a burning sensation in the affected areas, particularly on the skin and in the eyes. Additionally, coughing occurs as the respiratory system reacts to the irritant, as OC causes irritation of the mucous membranes in the throat and airway. This response is a natural defense mechanism as the body attempts to expel the irritant.

In contrast, while an increased heart rate can occur as a physiological reaction to stress or fear during an incident, it is not the primary or most direct effect of OC exposure. Loss of consciousness and inability to speak are not typical responses to OC exposure. These symptoms are more likely associated with other medical emergencies or severe trauma rather than the effects of pepper spray itself. Thus, the selected answer accurately captures the specific and immediate reactions one might experience after being exposed to OC.